Format: ORAL

Alberto J. Coello1, 2, Ignacio Ramos-Gutirrez2, 3, Rafael Molina-Venegas2, 3, Antoni Buira4, Mario Mairal5, Pablo Vargas4, Rosa A. Scherson6, Brent D. Mishler7, Juan Carlos Moreno Saiz2, 3, Mario Fernndez-Mazuecos2, 3

1 National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. (United States) 2 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid (Spain) 3 Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Madrid (Spain) 4 Real Jardín Botánico (CSIC), Madrid (Spain) 5 Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid (Spain) 6 Universidad de Chile, Santiago (Chile) 7 University of California, Berkeley (United States)

The Iberian Peninsula is one of the main centers of plant diversity in the Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot. The Iberian flora has been the subject of scientific attention for centuries, and biogeographical patterns of plant species richness across Iberia are well known. However, a full understanding of the geographical patterns of biodiversity requires an evolutionary framework, as provided by the field of spatial phylogenetics. Here, we aimed to explore the spatial phylogenetics of Iberian angiosperms, including patterns of phylogenetic diversity and endemism, as a tool to inform conservation actions. We used distribution data from the Atlas of the Vascular Flora of the Iberian Peninsula (AFLIBER) at 10-km resolution and a global species-level mega-phylogeny of seed plants, resulting in a coverage of c. 60% of Iberian angiosperm species. To analyze spatial phylogenetic patterns, we employed the R package canaper, including the mapping of endemism areas according to Categorical Analysis of Neo- And Paleo-Endemism (CANAPE). Uncertainty associated with the phylogenetic placement of unsampled species was addressed using the randtip package and compared with results using only sampled species. Our results indicate a concentration of relative phylogenetic diversity (RPD) in peripheral areas of the Iberian Peninsula under oceanic influence. According to CANAPE, areas of super-endemism (with a high concentration of both neo- and paleo-endemism) are found in the Pyrenees, the Balearic Islands and the Baetic Mountains. Areas of neo-endemism are concentrated mostly in the Baetic Mountains and the Balearic Islands, while areas of paleo-endemism are scattered across the Peninsula. The abiotic drivers of these patterns have been investigated using generalized linear models. Based on these findings, we will conduct an evaluation of the adequacy of Spanish and Portuguese networks of protected areas to preserve phylogenetic diversity and endemism of the Iberian flora.