Format: ORAL

Valds-Vsquez I.F.1, Monroy-Ata A.1, Cuervo-Robayo A.P.2, Villaseor J.L.3,Defossez E.4,Morrone J.J.5, Bye-Boettler R.A.6, Calm S.7, Reyes-Chilpa R.8, Osorio-Olvera L.O.9, Ramrez-Barahona S.A.3,Beltrn-Rodrguez L.A.10,Couturier-Stphane R.A.11, Mas J.F.12, Aguilar-Contreras A.13,Cristians-Niizawa S.6, De Nova-Vzquez J.A.14, Yez-Arenas C.A.15, Morales-Manilla L.M.16, Bollo-Manent M.16, Ortiz-Bermdez E.3, Estrada-Mrquez A.S.3, Heike-Vibrans L.17,Torrescano-Valle N.18,Espinosa-Organista D.N.19, Santiago-Alvarado M.19 and Guevara-Fefer P.20

1 Unidad de Investigación en Ecología Vegetal, FES Zaragoza Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, México 2 Laboratorio Nacional CONAHCYT de Biología del Cambio Climático, Instituto de Biología UNAM, CDMX México 3 Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología UNAM, CDMX, México 4 Laboratory of Functional Ecology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchátel, Neuchátel, Switzerland 5 Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias UNAM, CDMX, México 6 Laboratorio de Etnobotánica, Jardín Botánico IB UNAM, CDMX, México 7 Department of Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada 8 Departamento de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química UNAM, CDMX, México 9 Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ecología UNAM, CDMX, México 10 Laboratorio de Etnobotánica Ecológica, IB UNAM, CDMX, México 11 Laboratorio de Análisis Geoespacial, Instituto de Geografía UNAM, CDMX, México 12 Laboratorio de Análisis Espacial del CIGA, ENES Morelia UNAM, Michoacán, México 13 Unidad de Investigación de Plantas Medicinales, Herbario Medicinal IMSS, CDMX, México 14 Instituto de Investigación de Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, México 15 Laboratorio de Ecología Geográfica, Unidad Académica Sisal, Facultad de Ciencias, ENES Mérida UNAM, Yucatán, México 16 Laboratorio Universitario de Drones, (CIGA) ENES Morelia UNAM, Michoacán, México 17 Departamento de Botánica, Colegio de Postgraduados, Universidad Chapingo, Estado de México, México 18 Departamento de Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur Unidad Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México 19 Unidad de Investigación en Biogeografía, Sistemática y Conservación, FES Zaragoza UNAM, CDMX, México 20 Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias UNAM, CDMX, México

Mexico is the second country with the greatest diversity of medicinal plant species in the world, after China. In Central Mexico, the state of Hidalgo is in an area with high floristic diversity, that is in the Mexican Transition Zone, between the Neartic and Neotropical Regions, composed of six types of vegetation: cloud forest, semi-evergreen tropical forest, xeric scrub, coniferous and fir forest, pine-oak forest and induced grassland. The objective of this work was to develop a specialized database of medicinal plants registered in the state of Hidalgo, through taxonomic, phytochemical, biogeographic, and ecological parameters, to make thematic maps on geographic distribution patterns, analyze ecological relationships of secondary metabolites. with climatic variables from biogeographic and physiographic provinces, as well as evaluating floristic richness by documenting the composition between nine ecoregions. Likewise, a mini drone was used to carry out multistage in situ sampling of aerial photography, with which 21 areas were characterized in strata: 10 geocultural regions of Nahua, Otomi, and Tepehua ethnic groups, 9 ecoregions, 6 types of vegetation, 4 biogeographic provinces and 3 physiographic provinces. Also, based on the registration of 400 species of medicinal plants, belonging to 80 botanical families, and consulting international databases, species distribution models were designed. The results show thematic maps with geographical distribution patterns of species characteristic of each type of vegetation, organized by ecoregions, for plants for medicinal use to fine-scale. Also, with spatial analysis, it was found that altitudinal gradients influence the diversity of second phytochemicals at different spatial scales. Finally, the state of Hidalgo constitutes 1.1% of the Mexican territory, with a record of 400 species for therapeutic use and 4,000 similar plants that are distributed throughout the country, so 1% of the country is home to 10% of the medicinal plants diversity.