Format: ORAL

Andrs Orejuela1

Department of Biology, University of Cartagena, Colombia

The Colombian Caribbean stands out for its immense biological richness, evidenced by diverse flora and the presence of numerous endemic species. This presentation outlines the current state of knowledge about this flora and highlights the scientific value of botanical collections in the region. The Colombian Caribbean flora faces significant threats, primarily due to anthropogenic factors such as deforestation, urbanization, and agriculture. Key mountainous regions like the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and the Serrana de Perij host a unique diversity of plant formations, including the valuable pramos. In parallel, the extensive plains of the Caribbean, which make up the majority of the region, are home to equally important ecosystems such as dry tropical forests. These plains, along with the mountainous zones, form a mosaic of habitats that underscore the rich biodiversity of the Colombian Caribbean. The fragmentation and systematic destruction of these ecosystems have drastically reduced their extent, leaving less than 8% of the original dry tropical forests. This alarming situation underscores the urgency of implementing effective conservation strategies. In this context, botanical collections become critically important. The local herbaria, like the one recently established at the University of Cartagena, are fundamental for preserving knowledge of the regional flora. These centres serve as vital resources for research in taxonomy, diversity, evolution, and ecology. Beyond their academic value, the herbaria play an essential role in education and raising awareness about the importance of local flora conservation. Conservation efforts through these herbaria are a vital step towards understanding and protecting the unique biodiversity of the Colombian Caribbean. Interinstitutional collaboration and continuous commitment to botanical research and conservation are key to tackling environmental challenges and preserving this valuable natural heritage.