Format: ORAL

Limin Lu1,2, Yichen You1,2,3, Jinren Yu1,2,3, Zelong Nie4, Russell L. Barrett5, Jun Wen6,Zhiduan Chen1,2

1 Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. 2 China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China. 3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. 4 Jishou University, Jishou, China. 5 Australian Botanic Garden, New South Wales, Australia. 6 National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, USA

Faced with environmental changes, plants may either move to track their ancestral habitats or evolve and adapt to new habitats. Vitaceae, the grape family, has evolved diverse adaptive traits facilitating a global expansion in wide-ranging habitats. This evolutionary history makes Vitaceae ideal for investigating for any preference between move or evolve strategies and their underlying mechanisms. We inferred patterns of biogeographic diversification and trait evolution in Vitaceae based on a robust phylogeny with dense sampling including 495 species (~52% of Vitaceae species). Vitaceae most likely originated from Asia, the diversity center of extant genera and the major source of dispersals. India and Australasia are recognized as the biggest sinks and dispersals to the two regions might be largely facilitated by land connection. At least four shifts in diversification rates have been detected respectively in Ampelocissus, Cyphostemma, Tetrastigma, and Vitis, which have either evolved key innovations or showed adaptation to specific habitats. In particular, we find that the Oligocene-Miocene boundary is a turning point in shifting strategies, before which Vitaceae lineages preferred to move, and after which, to evolve. The increase of niche opportunities mainly contributed to the frequent employment of the evolve strategy after the Oligocene-Miocene boundary, while putative key trait innovations also played a role.