Format: ORAL

Juliana Cruz Jardim Barbosa, Maria Beatriz Rossi Caruzo, Ana Rita G. Simes, Marie-Stphanie Samain4

1 Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, São Paulo, Brasil 2 Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, São Paulo, Brasil 3 Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, London, United Kingdom 4 Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Pátzcuaro, Mexico. E-mail: juliana.cruz.jardim@gmail.com

The genus Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) has a wide and disjunct geographic distribution ranging from Eastern and South Asia to Malaysia, extending across the Neartics (Canada and USA) and reaching into the Neotropics, which is one of its two diversity hotspots. Regarding its infrageneric classification, the genus is divided into three subgenera: Yulania, Gynopodium and Magnolia, the latter including the section Talauma in which the native Brazilian taxa are classified. The species of Magnolia sect. Talauma can be recognized by two parallel longitudinal scars on the petiole formed by the shedding of the stipules, in addition to a woody syncarp that breaks into irregular plates at dehiscence. Currently, in Brazil, species delimitation within Magnolia is not clear on national platforms that are of great importance to the Brazilian botanical community (e.g., Flora do Brasil), with only two species of native Magnolia being recognized: M. amazonica and M. ovata. The lack of knowledge about the species and their distinguishing morphological characteristics has resulted in many identification errors in the main Brazilian herbaria, leading to the lack of knowledge about their current conservation status. We conducted a complete taxonomic revision based on extensive fieldwork, herbarium survey, and literature. In addition to the abovementioned species, we recognize three previously described species, which increases the number of recognized native Magnolias occurring in Brazil to five, namely: M. amazonica, M. brasiliensis, M. irwiniana, M. ovata and M. sellowiana. The results of our work are highly relevant for future studies that aim to unravel the evolution of the genus in Brazil, such as those on population and landscape genetics, as well as its inclusion in a phylogenomic study in a Neotropical framework.