Format: ORAL

Sbastien Miche1,2, Charles Pouchon2, Camille Christe2, Nicolas Wyler2, Mathieu Perret1,2

1 Department of Plant Sciences, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland 2 Conservatory and Botanical Garden of Geneva, 1 Chemin de l’Impératrice, 1292 Pregny-Chambésy, Switzerland

Accurate knowledge of the phylogenetic relationships among the species composing the regional biota is crucial to understand how species were assembled and how much phylogenetic diversity they represent. However, phylogenetic information available for local species communities is still limited because of the poor resolution and uncomplete sampling of the tree-of-life at the species-level. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of using Angiosperms353 target-enrichment and high-throughput genome sequencing on both fresh and historic DNA to estimate phylogenetic relationships among all species composing the regional flora of the Swiss plateau. The analysis of over 1300 species provides a more resolved and complete tree than available synthetic or plastid-based phylogenies, especially within complex families (e.g. Cyperaceae, Orobanchaceae, Poaceae). This new genomic reference for swiss plants points to several disagreements with the current plant classification, and provides a new framework to assess the evolutionary dynamics of a complete regional flora. Our results bring new insights into the consequences of habitat conversion on phylogenetic diversity and the identification of areas that should be prioritized for long-term conservation strategies.